Category: Biology Questions

The Rate of reaction is a measure of knowing how quickly a reactant is utilized or a product is formed. The primary focus is to determine the Rate of reaction.

However, there are several ways to determine the rate of reaction. The chosen method usually depends on the products and reactants involved and how easily these changes can be measured.

The reaction rate can also be said as the speed at which a reaction proceeds towards equilibrium. A reaction rate is generally governed by the energy barrier between products and reactions. In general, we can say that energy must be added to the reactants in order to overcome the energy barrier, and this added energy is referred to as activation energy.

The Rate of reaction can be calculated by using either of these equations:

 

 

What is Biology About?

Biology is the natural science which studies living organisms and life, including their chemical processes, physical structures, physiological mechanisms, evolution, and development.

Whether we talk about the animal, plant, or any micro-organism, biology is the study of everything alive or once was happening.

The term Biology is derived from the Greek word where bios mean life and logos meaning study. In short, it is the study of life. The study of Biology is essential as it helps understand all about living things, including how they work, interact, and function. The ongoing advances in biology helped scientists perform several essentials like developing better medicines, understanding how environmental change affects animals and plants, treatments for several diseases, and whatnot.

There are several basic principles of biology. This includes:

Cell theory: The cell theory principle indicates that all living things are made of fundamental units known as cells. All the cells come from some pre-existing cells.

Gene Theory: Gene theory principle states that all the living things have molecules and DNA that code the structures, the function of cells and get passed to offspring.

Homeostasis: Homeostasis indicates that all living things maintain a balanced state that enables the organisms to survive in their environment.

Evolution: Evolution describes how all living things can modify to have traits that enable them to survive better in their environments. These traits result from some random mutations in an organism’s genes selected through a process known as natural selection.

Branches of Biology!

There are several branches of Biology. Let us get familiar with a few of them.

1. Biochemistry: Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur in or are related to living things. For instance, studying biochemistry is related to how the drugs interact with the chemicals in the body.
2. Ecology: Ecology is the study of organisms’ interaction with the environment.
3. Genetics: Genetics is the study of heredity. It tells about how genes are passed from the parents to their offspring, how they vary from person to person, and many more.
4. Physiology: Physiology is the study of how living things work. It applies to any of the living organisms.
5. Bioengineering: Bioengineering is related to the application of engineering principles to biology and vice versa.
6. Biotechnology: Biotechnology includes using biological systems to develop products.
7. Bioarchaeologists: The biologists who incorporate the archaeological techniques to study the skeletal remains and insights about how people lived in the past.

The study of biology introduces a broad spectrum of biological studies related to a living thing. Studying biology offers a wide range of benefits and opens up the pathway to several career options.

Want to know more about the subject? Stay tuned for more information!

Why Study Biology?

If you love to learn about living beings, human body mechanisms, and many more topics of interest, biology can be the right choice for you. Biology offers a diverse range of topics of interest. Biology is the study of life.

Biology is focused on studying living organisms which includes answers to several questions, including life, microorganisms, and many others. It is all about understanding the answers to such questions and getting the justified answers to them.

If you also get the series of questions in your mind when you see a microorganism, a living being, or the mechanism of how the organ works, studying biology can be rewarding for you. It requires an accurate understanding to learn deeply about it as the subject is not about games and fun.

If you are curious about knowing the reasons for understanding why you should study Biology, then you have come to the right place. We have all the answers for you. Let us get familiar with the answers to these questions.

• Studying biology offers more flexibility to the students in choosing the right career paths. It does not revolve around a specific discipline and introduces the students to a broad spectrum of biological science.
• Studying biology will introduce you to several such interesting facts about living beings that will make you curious to explore more about it. So, in short, there is no going back.
• It will familiarize you with the answers to all the “What,” “How,” and “Why” that come to your mind while talking about any single thing related to Biology.
• Studying living systems will help you produce medicines and treat debilitating health conditions when requiring attention.

Studying biology can never be a boring class as it will always introduce you to something interesting every time. Want to know how to study Biology? Don’t forget to check the blog, including the preparation and study strategy for biology.

The resolution of a microscope is defined as the smallest distance at which the two small objects can still be seen as separate objects. A fine example of resolution is looking at the moon with naked eyes. With naked eyes, you will see a bright spot with some patterns on it, whereas if you look through the telescope, you will get to know the difference as you can spot the detail on the surface.

In short, a resolution is the degree of fineness with which an image or an object can be produced or recorded and can also be expressed as the number of pixels per unit length. The higher the resolution of the image, the better details and clarity we get.

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But before moving further, let us check on the images that will help you get a clear resolution concept. Let us dig into the topic to have a clear vision of it.

Don’t get confused with the magnification term as the microscopic resolution is associated with the shortest distance between the two different points that can still be distinguished as distinct entities. The microscopic resolution is affected by several factors.

If the two points or images are closer together than your resolution, then they will come out ill-defined, and their positions will also be inexact. A microscope may offer higher magnification, but if there is poor lens quality, it will result in degraded and poor image quality.

According to Abbe’s equation, the approximate resolving power can be calculated as:

Resolving Power = Wavelength of light / 2 {Numerical Aperture of the objective}

Microscope resolution is affected by several elements. Coming to the Numerical aperture, the numerical aperture of the objective lens affects the resolution. It indicates the lens’s capability to congregate light and resolve a point at a fixed distance from the lens.

The smallest point that an objective can resolve is proportional to the wavelength of light being gathered, divided by the numerical aperture. A higher number keeps up a correspondence to a greater lens’s ability to identify a distinct point in the view field.

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An effector is a small molecule that selectively binds to protein and regulates its biological activities. In this way, these small molecules act as ligands responsible for increasing or decreasing enzyme activity, cell signaling, or gene expression.   

An effector usually converts an impulse to action that also helps regulate the activities of specific mRNA molecules. An effector usually acts in unique ways in response to a nerve impulse. In the human body, effectors may be glands that produce secretions or the muscles that contract in response to neural stimuli.  

The muscles are further divided into two separate groupings. One is autonomic effectors that are the smooth muscles like the eye’s iris, and another is somatic effectors that are the body’s striated muscles like those found in the back and arm.

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 Effectors are responsible for bringing out the response that restores optimum levels like blood glucose levels and core body temperature. Effectors include the glands and muscles, and so their reactions produced by them have the hormone release or muscle contractions.  

Effectors are usually responsible for bringing out the response as depicted in the image. The whole process proceeds with the following functioning: 

• Receptors in the skin find out a stimulus 
• The sensory neuron is responsible for sending the electrical impulses to the spinal cord’s relay neuron.  
• Relay Neurons connect the Sensory neurons to the motor neurons. 
• The motor neuron then sends the electrical impulses to an effector 
• Effectors then produce a response. 

The response produced by the receptors results in muscle contraction or hormone release.  

Read Also – How to Revise A-level Biology?

Are you worried about how you are going to revise your A-Level biology textbook? Well, nothing to blame yourself. An average biology textbook contains a lot of content that it is hard to cram all of it. Learning all that stuff without any planning or strategizing can be a tedious way of handling it all.

But thankfully, some methods can help you get through it.

By combining the expert tips and student experience who have achieved top grades in the exam, we have created a step-by-step guide that will help you revise the Biology A-level. As the subject doesn’t contain any abstract concepts or methods, you need to learn and understand things nicely.

Make a plan: You must initiate the revision by first strategizing how much time you will spend on your subject. The whole procedure will depend on the number of topics you are doing, how much time you will spend to revise a subject, which subject you have covered and which needs much time, and how much self-study you have completed.

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After analyzing all these starts with the following steps:

1. Actively read your first topic:  Start revising the book by actively reading the first topic.

2. Close the book and then scribble down what you remember: if you have read the book with full concentration, then with your understanding, you must remember the topic you just read. Don’t look for a word-to-word thing. Just take a highlight in mind about what you remember.

3. Cross-check what you forgot or missed: Now that you have checked what you remember from the topic, check what you missed.

4. Close the book again and check what you remember: Now check on what else you remember other than what you did last time. Take your time and move to the next topic.

5. Go through all the past papers: Once you are done with a chapter or your book, it’s time to go through the subject’s past papers. This will introduce you to the type of question the examiner will ask and how you need to answer them. Past papers can be a savior when it comes to getting familiar with the paper pattern and how you need to attempt it.

Read Also – The Back-To-School Checklist: Here’s Everything Your Child Needs 

At the beginning of the 19th century Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was a French scientist who developed a theory of evolution, which involved mainly 2 ideas:

          A) an individual which is used progressively by an organism becomes bigger and stronger, and one that is not used finally vanish.

          B) any feature of an organism that is improved through use is passed to its offspring.

Evolution is the alternate of inherited attribute within a population over time across the natural selection, which may consequence in the origination of a new species.

This theory cannot exposition for all the impressions made about life on Earth, his theory suggested that all organisms would moderately become composite, and effortless organisms vanish.

Natural Selection is a major operation of evolution, the alternate in the heritable traits individuals of a population over generations. This is the contrasting remain and reproduction of specific due to differences in phenotype. Charles Darwin evented this theory, it implies that a population in equilibrium with its environment under natural selection will have a phenotype which maximizes the fitness locally.

This theory has 4 key points…. individuals of a species are not identical; traits are passed from generation to generation; more offspring are born than can survive; and only the survivors of the contention for resources will transcribe.

This process doesn’t support traits that are inherently superior. Instead, it supports traits that are beneficial in a specific environment. Traits that are supportive in one environment might literally be detrimental in another. This needs some starting material, that is heritable variation. For this process to act on a feature, there must already be variation for that feature. Also, the differences have to be heritable, determined by the organisms’ genes. 

The original source of the new gene variants that produce new heritable traits, random mutations that are passed on to offspring typically occur in the germline, or sperm and egg cell ancestry, of organisms. Sexual reproduction “mixes and matches” gene alternative to make more discrepancy.

Darwin and Lamarck’s theories were very different, but they were also very similar also. They both thought that organisms changed, and it could be very useful and could help them survive. The alterations could then get relinquished to the young. That is how Lamarck and Darwin’s theories are similar, but Darwin’s was more successful.