Category: Chemistry Questions

The rate of reaction refers to the speed at which the reactants are actually converted to products. While talking about the chemical reactions, some reactions are instant and immediately produce the products, whereas others take time to reach the final equilibrium.

How does pressure affect the rate of reaction?

Pressure increases the gases concentration resulting in the increase of the rate of reaction. The reaction rate decreases in the reverse direction and increases in less gaseous molecules direction. Therefore it is clearly understood that Concentration and Pressure are interlinked, and both of them affect the rate of reaction.

What exactly happens?

The increase in the pressure on a reaction involves the reacting gases increasing the rate of reaction. And modifying the pressure on a reaction involving solids or liquids only has no effect on the reaction rate.

For instance,

In the case of manufacturing ammonia using the Haber Process, the reaction rate between nitrogen and hydrogen is increased using very high pressures.

H2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g)

And the primary reason to use the high pressures is to enhance the ammonia percentage in the equilibrium mixture, but with this, there is a useful impact on the reaction rate also.

And here comes the explanation for the same

Relationship between Concentration and pressure

Increasing a gas’s pressure is similar to increasing its Concentration. If you are given a mass of gas, the way to increase the pressure is by squeezing it into a smaller volume. And in the case of the same mass in a smaller volume, then the Concentration is higher.

While mathematically showing the equation, the ideal gas equation becomes,

pV = nRT

where

• p is pressure
• v is the volume
• n is the number of moles
• R is gas constant
• T is the temperature

Now, rearranging the equation

P = n/V X RT

Where

• p is pressure
• n/V is the number of moles divided by volume is Concentration
• RT is constant at a constant temperature

As RT is constant, as long as the temperature remains constant, the pressure is directly proportional to Concentration. And if you double one, the other will also get doubled.

Effect of increasing pressure on reaction rate

Talking the two particles, where the reaction involves either the collision between two diverse particles or two similar particles. For any reaction to take place, the particles must first collide. Whether both the particles are in a gaseous state, or one is solid, and the other is gas, if the pressure is increased, the chances of collision also increase.

When the reactions involve a single particle, things get way complicated as the reactions involve something taking place to a single particle only rather than being generated by the collision between two different particles.

This case works well for the gaseous reactants as they are highly compressible. However, changing pressure for a reaction involving only liquids or solids has no such effect.

Read More – Chemistry Questions

View More – Useful links for Your Child’s Development 

Concentration is the amount of solute added to a solution. Chemistry is not always related to chemist laboratories; we often deal with chemistry in our daily lives. Especially in the kitchen, reactions and process take place which directs to chemistry logics. 

The process of adding solute to a given solution is known as Concentration, the more the amount of solute or substance, the greater the concentration. It is directly proportional to the strength of a solution. 

Concentration has two types: 

1. Saturated Solution 

1. Unsaturated Solution 

• A Solution to which we cannot add furthermore solute at a particular temperature is ‘Saturated Solution.’ 
• A solution to which increased solute can be added and dissolved at the same temperature is known as an ‘Unsaturated Solution.’ 

Mathematically, 

                                 Concentration =     

To understand the concept of Concentration in chemistry, let us take an example of lemon juice. For this, you need to perform an experiment in which you need the following items. 

• Salt 
• Water 

• A Bowl or a glass 
•  

Take a half glass of water and dissolve two spoons of common salt in it. Here, water acts as a solvent and we take Salt as a solute. On drinking the water, you will see that the taste is stronger because we added more amount of lemon drops into only a half glass of water. 

Simply, we can say the solution is More Concentrated if more solute is added, whereas on mixing a little amount the solution we get will be ‘Dilute.’ 

In chemicals, the term Volatile is used in the liquid form of substances. Volatility is the speed of a substance at which changes into a gaseous state. This refers to the ability of a liquid to evaporate quickly into the air. The substance that can easily become a gas even at room temperature is a “volatile substance.” 

A volatile part may have various levels of volatility. The volatile substance also shows higher vapor pressures. The higher the vapor pressure, the higher the degree of the volatile part. Simply put, a substance that can be boiled at low temperatures is known as Volatile. 

For example: 

Mercury is a volatile element that rapidly transforms into vapors. 

Dry ice is a volatile element and readily evaporates into the air at ambient temperature.

Book Your 60-minutes Free Trial class NOW!

Organic Chemistry involves the study of hydrocarbon compounds. The study, which is organic-free and explains everything else, is called “Inorganic Chemistry.”  

The elements and their compounds which belong to the inorganic family in the Periodic Table are referred to as inorganic compounds. Inorganic compounds have higher melting points. Instead of evaporation, they break down by reacting or boiling at elevated temperatures. 

Things to Remember: 

• In the Periodic Table, elements other than carbon and hydrogen are inorganic.  

• Inorganic compounds have an ionic base. 
• The term Organic means the elements having bonds of C and H. while; inorganic chemistry is they do not have covalent bonds. 
• Metals, non-metals, acids, crystal, base, and salts all are inorganic compounds in nature. 
• Inorganic Chemistry includes all basic reaction such as acid-base reactions, displacement reactions, redox reaction, combination reaction and many more. 

Antoine- Laurent de Lavoisier is the founder of modern chemistry. He was born in 1743 on the 26th day of August in Paris. His father was a lawyer and his mother had he own business. Since his childhood days, he has been so much into science and performing experiments. He belonged to a Wealthy family and had excellence granted in blood. 

“Life is a chemical reaction” ~ Antoine Lavoisier 

• In 1764 he joined the ‘Royal Academy of Science’ and by 1775 Lavoisier opened his laboratory where he discovered most of his inventions. 
• Silicon, Sulpher, Water, Oxygen, Nitrogen is famous elements that he discovered and worked on for his commendable projects. 

• Along with Lavoisier, Robert Boyle and Dalton are also given the tags ‘The father of modern chemistry. 

Book Your 60-minutes Free Trial class NOW!

In Chemistry, we deal with solutes and solvents. Dissolution is the process of mixing solute and solvent to make a new formation. The solute can be any matter like solid, liquid or gas. The mixing of the solute and solvent components forms a solution, the process of dissolving the particles and forming a new product is called “dissolution” 

Solute + Solvent = Solution 

A solution is the homogeneous mixing of two or more bound components.  

The above figure shows an example of ‘Dissolution’ 

• A solvent is the main component present in a solution that acts as a dissolving agent. 
• A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solvent for the formation of a “solution”. 
• Polar solutes dissolve in a polar solvent and non-polar solutes can be readily dissolved in non-polar solvents. 

In Dissolution, the resulting product is formed by attractive forces between the atoms or molecules involved in a substance.

Book Your 60-minutes Free Trial class NOW!